Dominique Millette, Maude-emmanuelle Lambert, Hudon, R., Québec Referendum (1980) (2017). Blog. [7] The Liberals seemed to lack preparation and Ryan, unaware of the television cameras, was caught yawning on a few occasions during Liberal interventions. In the meantime, in early December, the political calculus had changed again, when Joe Clark’s government lost a vote of confidence on its first budget. [11] The same day, on the opening of the House of Commons, Trudeau announced that the Government of Canada would not negotiate sovereignty-association under any circumstances, as he considered the question too vague and the Canadian government's authority too uncertain to do so. This referendum was defeated when 41.5% of the people voted “yes” and … Britain’s Québec Act of 1774 recognized the rights of French-speaking Roman Catholics. Canadian government politicians made appearances coordinated by Minister of Justice Jean Chrétien and Marc Lalonde, mainly speculating on the economic uncertainty a "Yes" vote could bring. The National Assembly of Quebec, compared to its position in 1976, actually lost power under Lévesque and the PQ. Lévesque, Michel and Martin Pelletier (2005). In October 1992, a Canada-wide referendum was held on another agreement, the Charlottetown Accord (see Charlottetown Accord: Document). [19], After this Trudeau hit an emotional high note, invoking a remark by Lévesque days earlier that he was showing his "Elliott" side during the campaign. Some information in it may no longer be current. [6] The Liberals provided quick and taunting retorts regarding the referendum question that would normally be heard on the legislative floor, but which appeared to be flippant and insubstantial compared to the lengthy and detailed speeches of PQ members to television viewers. This referendum allowed public to vote on the role of Québec within Canada and whether Québec should pursue a path toward independent statehood (www.en.wikipedia.org). That is where the Referendum Act Two, 1995, takes quebec referendum 1995 essay a role in the dispute over French and English speaking Canadians. On March 30, a group of 1,700 women, including Madeline Ryan, held the brunch des Yvettes at the Château Frontenac in Quebec City. Trudeau then began to list members of the Parti Québécois who had Irish or English last names. In the late 1950s and the early 1960s, several organizations were established to promote or achieve Québec independence. But in the months before the 1995 referendum, many leading politicians and journalists claimed that 1980 confirmed Quebec's right to secede. Click here to subscribe. In 1976, with the election to power of the Parti Québécois in the province, Quebec set in motion a process for an independence referendum. On 13 October 1968, a political party was founded that was to continue to have an impact on Québec and Canadian politics for many years to come. ", He also refuted the argument that democracy meant Canada must be bound by a majority Yes vote: "It's as though I were to say to Mr. Lévesque: 'The population of Newfoundland has just voted 100 per cent to renegotiate the electricity contract with Quebec. The other premiers, loath to be seen arguing against the charter of rights that was included in Trudeau's proposed constitutional changes, formulated a compromise proposal with Jean Chrétien that was acceptable to the Canadian government. In November 1979, the PQ government published La nouvelle entente Québec-Canada (known in English as the White Paper on Sovereignty-Association), in which it asserted that “sovereignty is indissociable from association.” The wording of the referendum question was announced on 20 December 1979: The Government of Quebec has made public its proposal to negotiate a new agreement with the rest of Canada, based on the equality of nations; this agreement would enable Quebec to acquire the exclusive power to make its laws, levy its taxes and establish relations abroad — in other words, sovereignty — and at the same time to maintain with Canada an economic association including a common currency; any change in political status resulting from these negotiations will only be implemented with popular approval through another referendum; on these terms, do you give the Government of Quebec the mandate to negotiate the proposed agreement between Quebec and Canada? Ryan, who disliked the federal Liberals, refused to endorse either Trudeau or Clark.[5]. Television had recently been introduced to the Quebec National Assembly, and the legislative debate on the referendum question was scheduled for prime time live viewing on March 4, 1980. [20] Trudeau addressed the country afterward with a more conciliatory tone, emphasizing the need for unity after the hurt feelings and strained friendships that had been caused by the referendum. This referendum allowed public to vote on the role of Québec within Canada and whether Québec should pursue a path toward independent statehood (www.en.wikipedia.org). On May 20, 1980 the first referendum in Québec took place. Excerpt:  “The Government of Québec has made public its proposal to negotiate a new agreement with the rest of Canada, based on the equality of nations; this agreement would enable Québec to acquire the exclusive power to make its laws, levy its taxes and establish relations abroad – in other words, sovereignty – and at the same time to maintain with Canada an economic association including a common currency; no change in political status resulting from these negotiations will be effected without approval by the people through another referendum; on these terms, do you give theGovernment of Québec the mandate to negotiate the proposed agreement between Québec and Canada? So I can't see why that right would suddenly have disappeared. With regards to Trudeau's plans to unilaterally patriate and change the constitution, the newly re-elected Lévesque, who had initially argued for the incorporation of a Quebec veto into the new constitution, agreed with eight other premiers (the Gang of Eight) to a proposal that would not allow Quebec a veto, but would permit "opting out" of certain federal endeavours with compensation. Marianopolis College, 1980 Referendum on Sovereignty-Association, http://faculty.marianopolis.edu/c.belanger/quebechistory/stats/1980.htm, Based on the the original Sociétés et Territoires site by the Service national du RÉCIT (RECITUS). Claude Ryan's speech was later in the evening. Though initially reluctant, Ryan started to accept and welcome the Canadian government's help, and continued to speak across Quebec.[17]. The Quiet Revolution was characterized by the effective secularization of society and the creation of a welfare state (état-providence). Lévesque abandoned the Gang of Eight and opted to join Trudeau in advocating immediate patriation with the promise of a future referendum on the other matters. Signing up enhances your TCE experience with the ability to save items to your personal reading list, and access the interactive map. An English Elementary Student History Site. 5) SMARTBoard tools: Times of Change series (Government – Making of a Country), Cycle 3 (Gr. René Lévesque would now be dealing with a federal minority government led by Joe Clark, a prime minister who had little influence in Québec. The province-wide referendum took place on Tuesday, May 20, 1980, and the proposal to pursue secession was defeated by a 59.56 percent to 40.44 percent margin.[1]. If you are looking to give feedback on our new site, please send it along to, To view this site properly, enable cookies in your browser. The referendum question was a subject of much internal debate amongst the Parti Québécois caucus. At a partisan meeting the following day, Payette said that Claude Ryan, the leader of the No camp, wanted women to remain “Yvettes,” and she then she insulted his wife by saying that he was married to one. The Parti Québécois did not speak about it and, three weeks before the referendum, Lévesque ordered his troops to speak only about association.". and that a No vote in the upcoming Québec referendum would not be a vote for the status quo. Images are usable for educational purposes by teachers and students in an educational setting. History and Opinions on the Policy of Affirmative Action. Defining The Quebec State : Quebec 878 Words | 4 Pages. Democracy can express the wishes of the Québécois, but that can't bind the others - those in the other provinces who did not vote - to do what the Québécois decide.". In May 1985, the Parti Québécois announced the conditions that the government of Québec would require in order to support patriation. 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